pH Control
Systems for pH control are characterized by extreme rangeability and sensitivity, and are also subject to difficulties arising from contact between measuring electrodes and hostile fluids. Case histories of representative installations show that success in implementing these control systems depends not only on assessing the complexity of the loop and

Introduction to pH measurement
pH is a unit of measure which describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is measured on a scale of 0 to 14. The term pH is derived from "p", the mathematical symbol of the negative logarithm, and "H", the chemical symbol of Hydrogen. The formal

How does hydrostatic level measurement work?
When considering a new level sensor for level measurement applications, it is often hard to find information on how the different types of level sensors, like the hydrostatic level sensors

Introduction to Resistance Temperature Detectors
RTDs - or Resistance Temperature Detectors - are temperature sensors that contain a resistor that changes resistance value as its temperature changes. They have been used for many years to measure

Using Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement
A thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples are made with two wires of different metals, joined together at one end to form a junction. The junction is placed on the surface or in the environment that's being measured. As the temperature changes, the two

Application of Level Instrumentations